Definition of Chronic Constipation
Infrequent, hard bowel movements that are usually painful causing staining and sometime tearing of the rectal mucosa.  In toddlers this is as a result of play habits that interfere with toileting habits and a vicious cycle set up by the idea that bowel movements have to be painful.
 

MY "Usual" Treatment Regimen For Infant Constipation
Constipation will almost certainly happen to any baby, usually around 3-6 weeks.  At that time you may need to start fruit juice (white grape and apple are preferred since they don’t stain clothes when spitting occurs) – usually ½ ounce of dilute juice twice / day.

Glycerin suppositories (1/4 or a “chip”) are safe to use frequently during the first few months (despite the dire warnings on the packaging!) Honey and Kayro (corn) syrup work well - but in rare cases cause botulism.  Soy formulas tend to cause less constipation than cow’s milks formulas in general.

Definition of Encopresis
Repeated passage of feces into inappropriate places (e.g., clothing or floor) whether involuntary or intentional. At least one such event a month for at least 3 months. Chronological age is at least 4 years (or equivalent developmental level). The behavior is not due exclusively to the direct physiological effects of a substance (e.g., laxatives) or a general medical condition except through a mechanism involving constipation.
 

MY "Usual" Treatment Regimen For Encopresis
1) A mild bowel stimulant such as Senna, 10 to 20 mg/kg/day  (the syrup comes 218mg/5cc). It can be dosed at night or twice a day (prescription) or a dosage of Fletcher’s Castoria may be suggested (nonprescription.)
 

Sennacot dosing (1-2x/day)

5 pounds

0.5 cc (ml)

10 pounds

¼ tsp

20 pounds

½ tsp

40 pounds

1 tsp

60 pounds

1.5 tsp

 

2)  Dulcolax (prescription) or glycerine suppositories (nonprescription) five times per week after the evening meal.

3) Sitting on the toilet 15 minutes twice a day after breakfast and the evening meal (using an egg timer).

4) Increase the fiber content of the child’s diet.  (We have a recipe in our office, tried and true by one of our parents for bran muffins.  These taste delicious with a cream cheese icing on them.)

5) Pediatric Fleet's Enema or Magnesium citrate,  2 - 4  ml/k  on multiple occasions on the weekend  to "clean the child out.”  Three doses should be given every two hours on the weekend days to produce bowel movements that would evacuate the colonic contents (the bowel).
 

Magnesium Citrate dosing 

5 pounds

1-2 tsp

10 pounds

2-4 tsp

20 pounds 

4 tsp - 2.5 ounces

40 pounds

2.5 - 5 ounces

60 pounds

5 - 10 ounces

 

Bran Muffins!!!!

3 c All-bran cereal
1 c Boiling water
1 c Sugar
3/4 c Applesauce
1/2 c Egg substitute
2 1/2 c Whole wheat pastry flour
2 1/2 t. Baking soda
1/2 t. Salt
2 c Buttermilk (mix skim milk w/2 tbsp. lemon juice)

Pour water over cereal and let stand. Mix together remaining ingredients then add softened cereal. Bake as many as desired in muffin tins sprayed w/Pam. Bake at 400 15-20 minutes. NOTE: This recipe makes 40 large muffins but you can cook what you want now and keep the batter in the refrigerator for up to 3 weeks and have hot muffins anytime.

Servings: 40
Calories: 71
Total Fat: 1
Fiber: 3

6)  Avoiding constipating foods - dairy products such as milk and cheese (this includes pizza) as well as the actual fruit of the pear, apple, and bananas.

 

7) Other prescription medications include wetting agents such as Ducosate (Colace) and

Problems that can appear to be Constipation

1.      Hypothyroidism

a.     Abnormal levels of thyroid hormone. A blood test can be performed.

2.    Malrotation

a.     During development the bowel is outside the body cavity. Abnormal folding into to abdomen can cause obstruction.  A CT scan of the abdomen and/or an upper GI with small bowel follow through is required.

3.    Hirschprung’s Disease

a.     Abnormal migration of neural tissue into the bowel. The portion of the bowel without neural tissue doesn’t move causing constipation. A barium enima can be performed.

4.    Anismus

a.     An anal verge (opening) that is too tight.

Northeast Indiana Pediatric Specialists, PC

Dr. Michael Dick & Dr. Todd Dillon
11123 Parkview Plaza Drive Suite 102
Fort Wayne, IN 46845
(260) 483-0688

 
http://www.med-web.com/nips/

nips@med-web.com